[citation needed]. At 09:15, the Luftwaffe launched Unternehmen Bodenplatte (Operation Baseplate), a major campaign against Allied airfields in the Low Countries. [27]:page needed. The close terrain of the Ardennes would make rapid movement difficult, though open ground beyond the Meuse offered the prospect of a successful dash to the coast. Peiper turned north and halted his forces in the woods between La Gleize and Stoumont. [71], At dawn on 19 December, Peiper surprised the American defenders of Stoumont by sending infantry from the 2nd SS Panzergrenadier Regiment in an attack and a company of Fallschirmjäger to infiltrate their lines. The General Staff estimated they only had enough fuel to cover one third to one half of the ground to Antwerp in heavy combat conditions. This included SS-Gruppenführer (Major General) Kurt Meyer, commander of the 12th SS Panzer (Armor) Division, captured by Belgian partisans on 6 September 1944. Peiper and Knittel both faced the prospect of being cut off. Rundstedt later testified that while he recognized the merit of Hitler's operational plan, he saw from the very first that "all, absolutely all conditions for the possible success of such an offensive were lacking."[35]:24. [citation needed], Senior Allied commanders met in a bunker in Verdun on 19 December. Die höchsten Offiziere in Hitlers Umgebung fügten sich. Because Skorzeny's men were captured in American uniforms, they were executed as spies. Although advancing only in a narrow corridor, 2nd Panzer Division was still making rapid headway, leading to jubilation in Berlin. The assault, despite initial success by its tanks in penetrating the American line, was defeated and all the tanks destroyed. "[130]:92 A preliminary Army report restricted to the First and Third U.S. [86], Unlike the German forces on the northern and southern shoulders who were experiencing great difficulties, the German advance in the center gained considerable ground. Bereits vor 1900 wurde es vielfach parodiert. Nearly 10 hours into the assault, one of the German V-2 rockets destroyed the Cine Rex cinema in Antwerp, killing 567 people, the highest death toll from a single rocket attack during the war.[51]. While the German offensive had ground to a halt during January 1945, they still controlled a dangerous salient in the Allied line. To the north, the 277th Volksgrenadier Division attempted to break through the defending line of the U.S. 99th and the 2nd Infantry Divisions. [137] The Germans lost an additional 5,000 soft-skinned and armored vehicles. The battle has also featured on television; it was the subject of the, The battle has also been featured in music, most notably "Screaming Eagles" by, This page was last edited on 27 March 2021, at 10:46. (G40) Allemagne bei eBay. With the castle acting as overflow accommodation, the main party was settled into the Adlerhorst's Haus 2 command bunker, including Gen. Alfred Jodl, Gen. Wilhelm Keitel, Gen. Blumentritt, von Manteuffel and Dietrich. [36] Security around the general was greatly increased, and Eisenhower was confined to his headquarters. [citation needed], Despite a lull along the front after the Scheldt battles, the German situation remained dire. In the south, Brandenberger's Seventh Army pushed towards Luxembourg in its efforts to secure the flank from Allied attacks. [5][19] The "Bulge" was the largest and bloodiest single battle fought by the United States in World War II[20][21][22] and the third-deadliest campaign in American history. With casualties mounting, and running short on replacements, tanks, ammunition, and supplies, Seventh Army was forced to withdraw to defensive positions on the south bank of the Moder River on 21 January. [146]:534 A total of 708 black Americans were killed in combat during World War II. It was launched through the densely forested Ardennes region in Belgium and Luxembourg towards the end of the war in Europe. SS-Panzerarmee, geführt von Sepp Dietrich. Kampfgruppe Peiper attacked Stavelot on 18 December but was unable to capture the town before the Americans evacuated a large fuel depot. "Die Wacht am Rhein" (German: [diː ˈvaxt am ˈʁaɪn], The Watch on the Rhine) is a German patriotic anthem. Lack of fuel held up the advance for one day, but on 23 December the offensive was resumed towards the two small towns of Hargimont and Marche-en-Famenne. By December 11-12, 1944, the snow that fell in November had already completely melted. The stiff American defense prevented the Germans from reaching the vast array of supplies near the Belgian cities of Liège and Spa and the road network west of the Elsenborn Ridge leading to the Meuse River. Zwischen Wahlerscheid und Echternach ließ Adolf Hitler im November/Dezember 1944 unter strikter Geheimhaltung drei Armeen mit 20 Divisionen aufmarschieren. [81] They had little time to establish any unit cohesion or train together. Ihr Kommandeur Sepp Dietrich war eine zentrale Figur in der deutschen Kriegspropaganda – doch über seine Fähigkeiten als Stratege und Taktiker gehen die Meinungen weit auseinander. The Allies relied too much on Ultra, not human reconnaissance. The total for Seventh Army for January was 11,609. Only the 5th Parachute Division of Brandenberger's command was able to thrust forward 19 km (12 mi) on the inner flank to partially fulfill its assigned role. General Gavin of the 82nd Airborne Division arrived on the scene first and ordered the 101st to hold Bastogne while the 82nd would take the more difficult task of facing the SS Panzer Divisions; it was also thrown into the battle north of the bulge, near Elsenborn Ridge. 4 maps. While the German command did not reach its goals, the Ardennes operation inflicted heavy losses and set back the Allied invasion of Germany by several weeks. Following this, 60 grenadiers advanced forward but were stopped by concentrated American defensive fire. Even during interrogation, they continued their goal of spreading disinformation; when asked about their mission, some of them claimed they had been told to go to Paris to either kill or capture General Dwight Eisenhower. As a result, parts of the 2nd Panzer Division were cut off. PANZERDIVISION the early years 2. The foggy autumn weather also prevented Allied reconnaissance aircraft from correctly assessing the ground situation. Hier sind Videos über den 2.Weltkrieg: Band of Brothers . [151] Among the signs misread were the formation of the new 6th Panzer Army in the build-up area (west bank of the Rhine about Cologne); the new 'Star' (signals control-network) noted by the 'Fusion Room' traffic-analysts, linking "all the armoured divisions [assembling in the build-up area], including some transferred from the Russian front";[153][155] the daily aerial reconnaissance of the lightly defended target area by new Arado Ar 234 jets "as a matter of greatest urgency"; the marked increase in railway traffic in the build-up area; the movement of 1,000 trucks from the Italian front to the build-up area; disproportionate anxiety about tiny hitches in troop movements, suggesting a tight timetable;[154] the quadrupling of Luftwaffe fighter forces in the West;[154] and decrypts of Japanese diplomatic signals from Berlin to Tokyo, mentioning "the coming offensive". It also contained the 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend. [150], At Bletchley Park, F. L. Lucas and Peter Calvocoressi of Hut 3 were tasked by General Nye (as part of the enquiry set up by the Chiefs of Staff) with writing a report on the lessons to be learned from the handling of pre-battle Ultra. … Schließlich wurde, nach einem Temperatursturz und heftigen Schneefällen, die mindestens eine Woche andauern sollten, der Angriffstermin auf den 16. Als am 16. Top Secret Ultra. At 16:50 on 26 December, the lead element, Company D, 37th Tank Battalion of the 4th Armored Division, reached Bastogne, ending the siege. A Luftwaffe resupply mission went badly when SS-Brigadeführer Wilhelm Mohnke insisted the grid coordinates supplied by Peiper were wrong, parachuting supplies into American hands in Stoumont. Stalingrad 1942 . Indeed, General Bradley and his American commanders were already starting their counterattack by the time Montgomery was given command of 1st and 9th U.S. [61][58][62] Peiper also captured 50,000 US gallons (190,000 l; 42,000 imp gal) of fuel for his vehicles. [94] On 20 December, Eisenhower removed the First and Ninth U.S. The Germans officially referred to the offensive as Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein ("Operation Watch on the Rhine"), while the Allies designated it the Ardennes Counteroffensive. Der Führer hat uns an besonders wichtiger Stelle eingesetzt. Die Wacht am Rhein ist ein politisches Lied, welches im Deutschen Kaiserreich ab 1871 neben Heil dir im Siegerkranz die Funktion einer inoffiziellen Nationalhymne hatte. Wir haben den Auftrag, ohne nach rechts oder links zu sehen, in schnellem Vorwärtsstürmen über die Maas vorzustoßen.“ Weisungsgemäß schlugen die Männer los, brachen durch – und sahen erst dann, wie sie der Plan des „größten Feldherrn aller Zeiten“ in eine aussichtslose Situation getrieben hatte. Copy No. Gen. Anthony McAuliffe, acting commander of the 101st, was told of the Nazi demand to surrender, in frustration he responded, "Nuts!" The Americans' initial impression was that this was the anticipated, localized counterattack resulting from the Allies' recent attack in the Wahlerscheid sector to the north, where the 2nd Division had knocked a sizable dent in the Siegfried Line. Bastogne had previously been the site of the VIII Corps headquarters. Armee eingekesselt worden, wenn deutsche Truppen die Scheldemündung erreicht hätten. Disagreement and confusion at the Allied command prevented a strong response, throwing away the opportunity for a decisive action. Bedell Smith sent Strong to warn Lieutenant General Omar Bradley, the commander of the 12th Army Group, of the danger. American progress in the south was also restricted to about a kilometre or a little over half a mile per day. A footnote to the U.S. Army's official history volume "Riviera to the Rhine" makes the following note on U.S. Their job was to go behind American lines and change signposts, misdirect traffic, generally cause disruption and seize bridges across the Meuse River. Ballauf und Schenk ermitteln. Die Franzosen verstummten und begaben sich in die zum Transport nach Deutschland bestimmten Waggons. They succeeded in surrounding two largely intact regiments (422nd and 423rd) of the 106th Division in a pincer movement and forced their surrender, a tribute to the way Manteuffel's new tactics had been applied. Armies from Gen. Bradley's 12th Army Group and placed them under Montgomery's 21st Army Group. This is a sub-article to Battle of the Bulge The Wehrmacht forces for the Ardennes Offensive were the product of a German recruitment effort targeting German males between the ages of 16 and 60, to replace soldiers lost during five months of fighting against the Western Allies in France. [63], Peiper advanced north-west towards Büllingen, keeping to the plan to move west, unaware that if he had turned north he had an opportunity to flank and trap the entire 2nd and 99th Divisions. On 26 and 27 December the trapped units of 2nd Panzer Division made two break-out attempts, again only with partial success, as major quantities of equipment fell into Allied hands. Some of the injuries sustained before death included bayonet wounds to the head, broken legs, and their fingers cut off. This destruction hampered the German response to the invasion, but it proved equally hampering to the Allies, as it took time to repair the rail network's tracks and bridges. The Fifth Panzer Army was spearheaded by the 2nd Panzer Division while the Panzer Lehr Division (Armored Training Division) came up from the south, leaving Bastogne to other units. On the evening of 24 December, General Hasso von Manteuffel recommended to Hitler's Military Adjutant a halt to all offensive operations and a withdrawal back to the Westwall (literally Western Rampart). [12] Allied estimates on German casualties range from 81,000 to 103,000. After the breakout from Normandy at the end of July 1944 and the Allied landings in southern France on 15 August 1944, the Allies advanced towards Germany more quickly than anticipated. Doch so stark, wie ihre stolzen Namen das vermuten ließen, waren beide Einheiten nicht. The last major German offensive on the Western Front. [27]:1, Adolf Hitler first officially outlined his surprise counter-offensive to his astonished generals on 16 September 1944. In the west supply problems began significantly to impede Allied operations, even though the opening of the port of Antwerp in late November improved the situation somewhat. Speaking subsequently to a British writer while himself a prisoner in Britain, the former German commander of the 5th Panzer Army, Hasso von Manteuffel said of Montgomery's leadership: The operations of the American 1st Army had developed into a series of individual holding actions. The Seventh Army, under General Erich Brandenberger, was assigned to the southernmost sector, near the Luxembourgish city of Echternach, with the task of protecting the flank. Hinter dem Plan steckte eine Vorstellung, die für Hitler seit der Kriegswende von Stalingrad 1942/43 typisch geworden war: Abwechselnd redete er sich ein, mit einem massiven Sieg entweder gegen die Rote Armee oder gegen den Westen die Koalition seiner Gegner spalten zu können und so den nicht zu gewinnenden Zweifrontenkrieg zu beenden. (G40) Allemagne | eBay British casualties totaled 1,400 with 200 deaths. Exkurs: Im 1942 gedrehten Film Casablanca widerfährt dem Lied ein anderes Schicksal. [120] Montgomery started with giving credit to the "courage and good fighting quality" of the American troops, characterizing a typical American as a "very brave fighting man who has that tenacity in battle which makes a great soldier", and went on to talk about the necessity of Allied teamwork, and praised Eisenhower, stating, "Teamwork wins battles and battle victories win wars. After 20 July attempt on Hitler's life, and the close advance of the Red Army which would seize the site on 27 January 1945, Hitler and his staff had been forced to abandon the Wolfsschanze headquarters in East Prussia, in which they had coordinated much of the fighting on the Eastern Front. The narrow corridor caused considerable difficulties, as constant flanking attacks threatened the division. Then, we'll really cut 'em off and chew 'em up." The Germans suffered heavy losses at an airfield named Y-29, losing 40 of their own planes while damaging only four American planes. Panzer columns took the outlying villages and widely separated strong points in bitter fighting, and advanced to points near Bastogne within four days. One officer, Lt. Col. Harry Kinnard, noted that McAuliffe's initial reply would be "tough to beat." By the time Eisenhower asked him how long it would take, the movement was already underway. The British 29th Armoured Brigade of British 11th Armoured Division, which had turned in its tanks for re-equipping, was told to take back their tanks and head to the area. Auch an der Ostfront befand sich die Wehrmacht seit den sowjetischen Sommeroffensiven, die auf einer Front von 2.500 Kilometern der Wehrmacht die bisher schwersten Niederlagen des Krieges beigebracht hatten, in einer prekären Situation. Slowly but surely the situation was held, and then finally restored. One of the few advantages held by the German forces in November 1944 was that they were no longer defending all of Western Europe. Armies listed 75,000 casualties (8,400 killed, 46,000 wounded and 21,000 missing). [69][70] Peiper detoured north towards the villages of La Gleize and Cheneux. Montgomery requested permission from Churchill to give a press conference to explain the situation. [114]:91, British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery differed from the U.S. command in how to respond to the German attack and his public statements to that effect caused tension in the American high command. Kostenlose Lieferung für viele Artikel! [79] After more than 10 days of intense battle, they pushed the Americans out of the villages, but were unable to dislodge them from the ridge, where elements of the V Corps of the First U.S. Army prevented the German forces from reaching the road network to their west. Weltkrieg? [138] The outcome of the Ardennes Offensive demonstrated that the Allied armored forces were capable of taking on the Panzerwaffe on equal terms. Hitlers Tod kam 18 Tage später. German planning for the counteroffensive rested on the premise that a successful strike against thinly manned stretches of the line would halt Allied advances on the entire Western Front. [137] Of the German write-offs, 16–20 were Tigers, 191–194 Panthers, 141–158 Panzer IVs, and 179–182 were tank destroyers and assault guns. "[127], Bradley and Patton both threatened to resign unless Montgomery's command was changed. Columns of armor and infantry that were supposed to advance along parallel routes found themselves on the same roads. American MPs at these checkpoints grilled troops on things that every American was expected to know, like the identity of Mickey Mouse's girlfriend, baseball scores, or the capital of a particular U.S. state—though many could not remember or did not know. Too small and too weak to counter the Allies, they abandoned plans to take the crossroads and instead converted the mission to reconnaissance. By November, it was clear that Soviet forces were preparing for a winter offensive.[30]. If the attack were to succeed in capturing Antwerp, four complete armies would be trapped without supplies behind German lines. The 112th Infantry Regiment (the most northerly of the 28th Division's regiments), holding a continuous front east of the Our, kept German troops from seizing and using the Our River bridges around Ouren for two days, before withdrawing progressively westwards. [citation needed], Gen. Eisenhower, realizing that the Allies could destroy German forces much more easily when they were out in the open and on the offensive than if they were on the defensive, told his generals, "The present situation is to be regarded as one of opportunity for us and not of disaster. It took many months to rebuild its cargo-handling capability. Wacht am Rhein-Ardennenoffensive . The operation was a failure.[93]. [73], Small units of the U.S. 2nd Battalion, 119th Infantry Regiment, 30th Infantry Division, attacked the dispersed units of Kampfgruppe Peiper on the morning of 21 December. Gen. von Lüttwitz, commander of the XXXXVII Panzer-Korps, ordered the division to turn westwards towards Dinant and the Meuse, leaving only a blocking force at Marche-en-Famenne. Als der Film „Casablanca“ 1942 herauskam, war es ein Liebesfilm von beklemmender Realität. [e][f] When they offered their alternative plans, Hitler would not listen. Ninth Army had two corps and three divisions; First Army had three corps and fifteen divisions. The SS troopers suddenly opened fire on the prisoners. Weltkrieg: Dem ehrenden Gedächtnis ihrer im Weltkriege 1914/18 gefallenen und vermissten Heldensöhne und Brüder This led to a hastily assembled force including rear-echelon troops, military police and Army Air Force personnel. By 23 December, as the Germans shattered their flanks, the defenders' position became untenable and U.S. troops were ordered to retreat west of the Salm River. In fact, because of the Germans' efforts, the Allies were led to believe that a new defensive army was being formed around Düsseldorf in the northern Rhineland, possibly to defend against British attack. Recreate the decisive engagement that represented Hitler's last major effort to win the Second World War. [citation needed], Before the offensive the Allies were virtually blind to German troop movement. This fuel shortage intensified after the Soviets overran those fields in the course of their August 1944 Jassy-Kishinev Offensive. The group began moving again at dusk at 16:00 and was able to return to its original route at around 18:00. As soon as the firing began, the prisoners panicked. 2 is held by the UK National Archives as file HW 13/45. The farthest west the offensive reached was the village of Foy-Nôtre-Dame, south east of Dinant, being stopped by the U.S. 2nd Armored Division on 24 December 1944. A hastily assembled British blocking force on the east side of the river prevented the German Battlegroup Böhm from approaching the Dinant bridge. Its newest and most powerful tank, the Tiger II heavy tank, consumed 7.6 liters (2 U.S. gal) of fuel to go 1,600 m (1 mi), and the Germans had less than half the fuel they needed to reach Antwerp. He entrusted them with carrying out his decisive counterattack. After the war ended, the U.S. Army issued battle credit in the form of the Ardennes-Alsace campaign citation to units and individuals that took part in operations in northwest Europe. Operation Stösser was a paratroop drop into the American rear in the High Fens (French: Hautes Fagnes; German: Hohes Venn; Dutch: Hoge Venen) area. Doch Hitler lehnte ab, wie Keitel und der Chef des Wehrmachtsführungsstabes Alfred Jodl. The battle also severely depleted Germany's armored forces, and they were largely unable to replace them. 5, "American Experience – The Battle of the Bulge – PBS Documentary", third-deadliest campaign in American history, Wehrmacht forces for the Ardennes Offensive, 84th Infantry Division in the Battle of the Ardennes, December 1944 - January 1945, 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler, 285th Field Artillery Observation Battalion, 333rd Artillery Battalion (United States), The 1st SS Panzer Division's Dash Westward, and Operation Greif, Learn how and when to remove this template message, United States Army Center of Military History, the second phase of the Battle of Hürtgen Forest, German occupation of Luxembourg during World War II, "Heeresarzt 10-Day Casualty Reports per Army/Army Group, 1944", "Heeresarzt 10-Day Casualty Reports per Army/Army Group, 1945", "The Operations of the 3rd Battalion, 395th Infantry (99th Infantry Division) Prior to and During the German Counter-Offensive, 10 November – 24 December 1944 (Ardennes Campaign) (Personal Experience of a Company Commander and Battalion Operations Officer)", "The German Counteroffensive in the Ardennes", "Chapter V: The Sixth Panzer Army Attack", "Operation Nordwind: The "Other" Battle of the Bulge", "Oscar Koch: An Unsung Hero Behind Patton's Victories", "Explaining the silence surrounding Elsenborn Ridge battle", "Battle of the Bulge: U.S. • Zu Beginn des 2. Among them were Volksgrenadier ("People's Grenadier") units formed from a mix of battle-hardened veterans and recruits formerly regarded as too young, too old or too frail to fight. Food was scarce, and by 22 December artillery ammunition was restricted to 10 rounds per gun per day. [26] German forces remained in control of several major ports on the English Channel coast into the autumn, while Dunkirk remained under siege until the end of the war in May 1945. Once they reached the German border, this source dried up. Peiper's unit was delayed and his vehicles denied critically needed fuel. This was done by increasing the number of flak (Flugabwehrkanonen, i.e., anti-aircraft cannons) in the area and the artificial multiplication of radio transmissions in the area. Lieb Vaterland, magst ruhig sein Fest steht und treu die Wacht, die Wacht am Rhein! When the relief force was unable to penetrate the Allied lines, he decided to break through the Allied lines and return to the German lines on 23 December. Der Schwur erschallt, die Woge rinnt die Fahnen flattern noch im Wind. After a brief visit to Berlin, Hitler traveled on his Führersonderzug ("Special Train of the Führer" (Leader)) to Giessen on 11 December, taking up residence in the Adlerhorst (eyrie) command complex, co-located with OB West's base at Kransberg Castle. The 12th SS Panzer Division, reinforced by additional infantry (Panzergrenadier and Volksgrenadier) divisions, took the key road junction at Losheimergraben just north of Lanzerath and attacked the twin villages of Rocherath and Krinkelt. Entscheidend war das … The perpetrators were never punished for this crime. Panzerdivision was formed in October 1935, making it one of … Dezember 1944 festgesetzt. The rapid advance by the German forces who surrounded the town, the spectacular resupply operations via parachute and glider, along with the fast action of General Patton's Third U.S. Army, all were featured in newspaper articles and on radio and captured the public's imagination; there were no correspondents in the area of Saint-Vith, Elsenborn, or Monschau-Höfen. They were given priority for supply and equipment and assigned the shortest route to the primary objective of the offensive, Antwerp,[28]:1–64 starting from the northernmost point on the intended battlefront, nearest the important road network hub of Monschau.[40]. Winston Churchill, addressing the House of Commons following the Battle of the Bulge said, "This is undoubtedly the greatest American battle of the war and will, I believe, be regarded as an ever-famous American victory. The Panzer-Lehr division tried to relieve them, but was only partially successful, as the perimeter held. The more than 2,380 counters represent every formation, at company and battalion levels, which fought there, including US, German, British, French, Canadian and Belgian units. The High Command of the Allied forces had planned to resume the offensive by early January 1945, after the wet season rains and severe frosts, but those plans had to be postponed until 29 January 1945 in connection with the unexpected changes in the front. [4] These were reinforced a couple of weeks later, bringing the offensive's total strength to around 450,000 troops, and 1,500 tanks and assault guns. On the same day as Hitler's withdrawal order of 7 January, Montgomery held his press conference at Zonhoven. Die Offensive sollte wie ursprünglich geplant durch das schwierige Gelände der Ardennen Richtung Antwerpen führen, mit nur relativ schwachen Kräften zur Flankensicherung. [162] The citation covered troops in the Ardennes sector where the main battle took place, as well as units further south in the Alsace sector, including those in the northern Alsace who filled in the vacuum created by the U.S. Third Army racing north, engaged in the concurrent Operation Nordwind diversion in central and southern Alsace launched to weaken Allied response in the Ardennes, and provided reinforcements to units fighting in the Ardennes. It was the German paratroopers' only night time drop during World War II. As a result, by the end of October, the supply situation had eased somewhat. Knittel joined up with Peiper and reported the Americans had recaptured Stavelot to their east. The Germans referred to it as Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein (“Operation Watch on the Rhine”), while the French named it the Bataille des Ardennes (“Battle of the Ardennes”). Eisenhower and his principal commanders realized by 17 December that the fighting in the Ardennes was a major offensive and not a local counterattack, and they ordered vast reinforcements to the area. Believing in omens and the successes of his early war campaigns that had been planned at Kransberg, Hitler had chosen the site from which he had overseen the successful 1940 campaign against France and the Low Countries. ↑ Siehe Lipperheide und Scherer, S. 13f; die Autographe sind dort ebenfalls wiedergegeben: die Tagebuchfassung auf S. The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Counteroffensive, was a major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II, and took place from 16 December 1944 to 25 January 1945. The battle has been the most interesting, I think possibly one of the most interesting and tricky battles I have ever handled. For other uses, see, Not to be confused with the 1940 German Army Group A Ardennes offensive in the, German offensive through the Ardennes forest on the Western Front towards the end of World War II, 19,000 killed, 47,500 wounded and 23,000 missing/captured, 10,749 dead; 34,225 wounded; 22,487 captured, Operation Overlord planned for an advance to the line of the Seine by D+90 (i.e., the 90th day following, The Ardennes offensive was also named Rundstedt-Offensive, but von Rundstedt strongly objected "to the fact that this stupid operation in the Ardennes is sometimes called the 'Rundstedt-Offensive'. Chronologie. [131] Some authors have estimated German casualties as high as 125,000. They were for the most part well organized and supplied for the attack, although they were counting on capturing American gasoline dumps to fuel their vehicles. [82], Following the Malmedy massacre, on New Year's Day 1945, after having previously received orders to take no prisoners,[83] American soldiers murdered approximately sixty German prisoners of war near the Belgian village of Chenogne (8 km from Bastogne).
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