", "National Salt Satyagraha Memorial | List of names", "The Great Dandi March — eighty years after", "Parliament Museum, New Delhi, India – Official website – Dandi March VR Video", "Dandi march: date, history facts. His first significant attempt in India at leading mass satyagraha was the non-cooperation movement from 1920 to 1922. He employed non-violent principles and peaceful disobedience as a means to achieve his goal. The salt satyagraha would begin on 12 March and end in Dandi with Gandhi breaking the Salt Act on 6 April. "[64], For his next major action, Gandhi decided on a raid of the Dharasana Salt Works in Gujarat, 40 km south of Dandi. Mahatma Gandhi var Indiens store icke-våldsledare. [13][38] His strongest appeal to Irwin regarded the salt tax: If my letter makes no appeal to your heart, on the eleventh day of this month I shall proceed with such co-workers of the Ashram as I can take, to disregard the provisions of the Salt Laws. [11] (Literally in Sanskrit, purna, "complete," swa, "self," raj, "rule," so therefore "complete self-rule".) "[33] Correspondents from dozens of Indian, European, and American newspapers, along with film companies, responded to the drama and began covering the event. Sie marschierten gemeinsam über 200 … Weil jede Form der Salzgewinnung, des Salztransports und des Salzhandels den Briten vorbehalten war, wurden an die 50.000 Inder in der Folge verhaftet, darunter fast alle Führer der Kongresspartei Indiens, was den Erfolg der Aktion außergewöhnlich beschleunigte. Die jährliche Veranstaltung in Durban ehrt den Marsch, der im Jahr 1930 in Indien während, die Gandhi, gewaltfreien Protest gegen die britische Salzsteuer aufgetreten vorgeschlagen, freies Indien von der britischen Kontrolle zu helfen. Han mördades 1948 av en hinduisk fanatiker. His group started from Tiruchirappalli, in Madras Presidency (now part of Tamil Nadu), to the coastal village of Vedaranyam. 70 63 13. [86] The Satyagraha campaign of the 1930s also forced the British to recognise that their control of India depended entirely on the consent of the Indians – Salt Satyagraha was a significant step in the British losing that consent.[87]. The British government in India has not only deprived the Indian people of their freedom but has based itself on the exploitation of the masses, and has ruined India economically, politically, culturally and spiritually. Another reason for this march was that the Civil Disobedience Movement needed a strong inauguration that would inspire more people to follow Gandhi's example. Hos Adlibris hittar du miljontals böcker och produkter inom mahatma gandhi Vi har ett brett sortiment av böcker, garn, leksaker, pyssel, sällskapsspel, dekoration och mycket mer för en inspirerande vardag. Mengutip dari Encylcopaedia Britannica, Mahatma Gandhi lahir di Porbandar, India pada 8 Oktober 1869 dan meninggal pada 30 Januari 1948.. Mahatma Gandhi dikenal sebagai sosok yang sangat … Es war ein einfallsreicher Protest gegen das Salzmonopol der britischen Kolonialmacht. Behind him is his second son Manilal Gandhi and Mithuben Petit. Upon arriving at the seashore on 5 April, Gandhi was interviewed by an Associated Press reporter. Gujarati peasants refused to pay tax, under threat of losing their crops and land. Gandhi gave speeches attacking the salt tax as inhuman, and the salt satyagraha as a "poor man's struggle". He was the youngest of all children and had three older siblings, 2 brothers, and one sister. When Gandhi broke the British Raj salt laws at 6:30 am on 6 April 1930, it sparked large scale acts of civil disobedience against the salt laws by millions of Indians. When India was a colony of Great Britain, Gandhi used nonviolent methods to protest against British rule. [85] However, even though British authorities were again in control by the mid-1930s, Indian, British, and world opinion increasingly began to recognise the legitimacy of claims by Gandhi and the Congress Party for sovereignty and self-rule. [17], The civil disobedience in 1930 marked the first time women became mass participants in the struggle for freedom. März 1930 begann, gilt als Symbol für den gewaltlosen Widerstand, mit dem er Indien von der Kolonialherrschaft der Briten befreien wollte. The Viceroy himself, Lord Irwin, did not take the threat of a salt protest seriously, writing to London, "At present the prospect of a salt campaign does not keep me awake at night."[18]. In India, he is known as ‘Father of […] Få historiska personer har inspirerat oss som han gjort till att leva i fred och i enlighet med vad som är sant. ist es, was den Salzmarsch des Mahatma Gandhi zur historischen Tat gemacht hat. [39], As mentioned earlier, the Viceroy held any prospect of a "salt protest" in disdain. Appealing for violence to end, at the same time Gandhi honoured those killed in Chittagong and congratulated their parents "for the finished sacrifices of their sons ... A warrior's death is never a matter for sorrow. What started as a personal pilgrimage for Mahatma Gandhi's great-grandson Tushar Gandhi turned into an international event with 900 registered participants from nine nations and on a daily basis the numbers swelled to a couple of thousands. Durch diesen bewussten Verstoß gegen das von der Kolonialmacht Großbritannien in Anspruch genommene Salzmonopol eröffnet Gandhi eine neue Kampagne des gewaltlosen Widerstands. [32], Gandhi prepared the worldwide media for the march by issuing regular statements from Sabarmati, at his regular prayer meetings and through direct contact with the press. He decided that Indians were not yet ready for successful nonviolent resistance. Mit dieser Aktion protestierte Gandhi im Jahr 1930 gegen ein Gesetz, das den Indern verbot, Salz zu gewinnen. All you need to know", "Photos: Remembering the 80 unsung heroes of Mahatma Gandhi's Dandi March", "Brouchure issued by Ministry of Culture, GOI on NSSM", "Mahatma is the Message: Gandhi's Life as Consummate Communicator", Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, Conscientious objection to military taxation, List of historical acts of tax resistance, National War Tax Resistance Coordinating Committee, The Cold War and the Income Tax: A Protest, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salt_March&oldid=1016156955, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, All Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed, Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed from March 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Darjeeling (Gorkhaland territorial Administration), Decourcy, Elisa. [49], Thousands of satyagrahis and leaders like Sarojini Naidu joined him. Mahatma Gandhi Statue. [12], The Congress Working Committee gave Gandhi the responsibility for organising the first act of civil disobedience, with Congress itself ready to take charge after Gandhi's expected arrest. » Mahatma Gandhi: An Interpretation - by E. Stanley Jones. Mahatma Gandhi is revered the world over as one of history’s most transformative and inspirational figures.Throughout his life in South Africa and India, Gandhi was a fearless campaigner for the rights and dignity of all people, whose constant and unwavering promotion of non-violence as a tool to win over hearts and minds has forever left its mark on the world. He overcame those obstacles of racism but more obsatcles were to appear in his lifetime. Mahatma Gandhi led the Dandi march from his Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, … [9] The march was the most significant organised challenge to British authority since the Non-cooperation movement of 1920–22, and directly followed the Purna Swaraj declaration of sovereignty and self-rule by the Indian National Congress on 26 January 1930. [49] The New York Times wrote almost daily about the Salt March, including two front-page articles on 6 and 7 April. Gandhi suspended the protest, against the opposition of other Congress members. Die Briten kontrollierten in Indien die Gewinnung von Salz und den Salzhandel. Mäerz 1930 op de sougenannte „Salzmarsch“ opzebriechen. In his words: Truth (satya) implies love, and firmness (agraha) engenders and therefore serves as a synonym for force. [35] The 24-day march would pass through 4 districts and 48 villages. Gandhi chose the 1882 British Salt Act as the first target of satyagraha. | Adlibris Am Ende begleiteten ihn Tausende. Den framstående pacifistledaren har haft en avsevärd påverkan på vårt sätt att tänka, med sin spiritualitet, enkelhet och filosofi om icke-vålds. Mahatma Gandhi: An environmentalist by nature . Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 27. Duerch d'Verduebelung vun der Salzsteier si virun allem Bauere vum Subkontinent immens getraff ginn. Hitta perfekta Mahatma Gandhi bilder och redaktionellt nyhetsbildmaterial hos Getty Images. [23] He wrote, "If the means employed are impure, the change will not be in the direction of progress but very likely in the opposite. Der Salzmarsch oder die Salz-Satyagraha von 1930 war eine Kampagne Mahatma Gandhis, die das Salzmonopol der Briten brechen sollte und letztlich zur Unabhängigkeit Indiens von Großbritannien führte. I thus began to call the Indian movement Satyagraha, that is to say, the Force which is born of Truth and Love or nonviolence, and gave up the use of the phrase "passive resistance", in connection with it, so much so that even in English writing we often avoided it and used instead the word "satyagraha" ...[25]. Mahatma Gandhi beendet seinen Salzmarsch ( Deutschlandfunk Kalenderblatt) Der Salzmarsch ist heute zentraler Begriff der Befreiung der indischen Kolonie von der britischen Vormacht. The Salt Satyagraha did not produce immediate progress toward dominion status or self-rule for India, did not elicit major policy concessions from the British,[83] or attract much Muslim support. Foreign journalists and three Bombay cinema companies shooting newsreel footage turned Gandhi into a household name in Europe and America (at the end of 1930, Time magazine made him "Man of the Year"). Hans arv är olikt alla andras. He was not awarded on those five occasions. [63], There were outbreaks of violence in Calcutta (now spelled Kolkata), Karachi, and Gujarat. "[73] Though women did become involved in the march, it was clear that Gandhi saw women as still playing a secondary role within the movement, but created the beginning of a push for women to be more involved in the future. Schon vor 2000 Jahren, so hielt ein Mann in Lausanne Mahatma Gandhi vor, habe Jesus die Gewaltfreiheit gepredigt. He wrote to Lord Irwin, again telling him of his plans. Mohandas 'Mahatma' Gandhi Gandhi in 1931 during a visit to London©. [27] Gandhi later claimed that success at Bardoli confirmed his belief in satyagraha and Swaraj: "It is only gradually that we shall come to know the importance of the victory gained at Bardoli ... Bardoli has shown the way and cleared it. Every day, more and more people joined the march, until the procession of marchers became at least 3 km long. Es war ein einfallsreicher Protest gegen das Salzmonopol der britischen Kolonialmacht. "Audiences, Actors and Congress Dramas: Crowd Events in Bombay City in 1930,", This page was last edited on 5 April 2021, at 17:55. That evening, as Gandhi’s time-piece, which hung from one of the folds of his dhoti [loin-cloth], was to reveal to him, he was uncharacteristically late to his prayers, and he fretted about his inability to be punctual. Am 5. It was the first time the two held talks on equal terms,[82] and resulted in the Gandhi–Irwin Pact. Lev som om du skulle dö i morgon.” ­ Mahatma Gandhi som var vänsterhänt! His efforts earned him the title Mahatma. Mahatma Gandhi India. Am 12. At the finale in Dandi, the prime minister of India, Dr Manmohan Singh, greeted the marchers and promised to build an appropriate monument at Dandi to commemorate the marchers and the historical event. Mahatma Gandhi. Er zog mit seinen Anhängern von seinem Ashram fast 400 km zum Arabischen Meer. 64 65 10. D er indische Freiheitskämpfer Mahatma Gandhi bricht am 12. [75] He was arrested under an 1827 regulation calling for the jailing of people engaged in unlawful activities, and held without trial near Poona (now Pune).[76]. Mohandas Gandhi was a leader of India ’s independence movement. Bevor er sich auf den Weg machte, schrieb Gandhi einen Brief an den britischen Vizekönig von Indien, Lord EFL Wood, Earl of Halifax, in dem er anbot, den Marsch als Gegenleistung für Zugeständnisse wie die Abschaffung der Salzsteuer, … Gandhi växte upp i ett hinduiskt småstadshem i den lilla furstestaten Porbandar i nuvarande Gujarat, fjärran från tidens intellektuella och politiska strömningar. Unlike his suspension of satyagraha after violence broke out during the Non-co-operation movement, this time Gandhi was "unmoved". "[20] He then boiled it in seawater, producing illegal salt. Mahatma Gandhi mit seinen Anhängern Quelle: dpa. The talks would lead to the Second Round Table Conference at the end of 1931. Der Salzmarsch war die spektakulärste Kampagne, die Gandhi während seines Kampfes um Unabhängigkeit initiierte. Oktober 1869: Geburt des Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in Porpandar als ... Auf dem 80 tägigen Salzmarsch vom Ashram von Sabarmati nach Dandi an der Küste schließen sich mehrere Tausend Menschen dem Zug an; an der Küste angekommen, hebt Gandhi eine Handvoll Salzkörner am Expectations were heightened by his repeated statements anticipating arrest, and his increasingly dramatic language as the hour approached: "We are entering upon a life and death struggle, a holy war; we are performing an all-embracing sacrifice in which we wish to offer ourselves as oblation. [62] The British responded with more laws, including censorship of correspondence and declaring the Congress and its associate organisations illegal. Er wollte in 24 Tagen zum 200 Kilometer entferneten Arabischen Meer gehen. Die Briten belegten das Salz mit viel zu hohen Steuern und machten es für die indischen Bürger illegal selber Salz zu gewinnen oder zu verkaufen. Mahatma Gandhi. As president of the Indian National Congress and the first woman governor of free India, she was a fervent advocate for India, avidly mobilizing support for the Indian independence movement. Mahatma Gandhi had to go through many obstacles in his lifetime. For that reason, he recruited the marchers not from Congress Party members, but from the residents of his own ashram, who were trained in Gandhi's strict standards of discipline. Mahatma Gandhi um 1940 mit seinem Spinnrad. Hänet tunnetaan väkivallattoman vastarinnan satyagrahan kehittäjänä. Archivbild Quelle: dpa. Satyagraha is a synthesis of the Sanskrit words Satya (truth) and Agraha (insistence on). KOMPAS.com - Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi dikenal sebagai Mahatma Gandhi.Mahatma berarti memiliki jiwa besar. More than thirty years later, Satyagraha and the March to Dandi exercised a strong influence on American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr., and his fight for civil rights for blacks in the 1960s: Like most people, I had heard of Gandhi, but I had never studied him seriously. Besonders berühmt wurde der "Salzmarsch". April 1930 Ein Mann bewegt die Massen. Vinay Lal October 01, 2019 17:50 IST Updated: October 01, 2019 22:01 IST Vinay Lal October 01, 2019 17:50 IST Most of them simply dispersed after the march was over. ", "The Salt Satyagraha in the meantime grew almost spontaneously into a mass satyagraha. It remains to be seen whether the Government will tolerate as they have tolerated the march, the actual breach of the salt laws by countless people from tomorrow. She was also the first woman to be arrested in the salt march. For Gandhi, satyagraha went far beyond mere "passive resistance" and became strength in practising nonviolent methods. Mahatma Gandhi “Lär som om du skulle leva för evigt. [67] On 23 April 1930, Ghaffar Khan was arrested. [71] Usha Mehta, an early Gandhian activist, remarked that "Even our old aunts and great-aunts and grandmothers used to bring pitchers of salt water to their houses and manufacture illegal salt. Salt Satyagraha succeeded in drawing the attention of the world. Page and volume nos. Höhepunkt des zivilen Ungehorsams ist der "Salzmarsch" am 12. Gandhi startete mit 78 Begleitern. [3], After making the salt by evaporation at Dandi, Gandhi continued southward along the coast, making salt and addressing meetings on the way. An item of daily use could resonate more with all classes of citizens than an abstract demand for greater political rights. Die Engländer hatten beschlossen, dass die Inder für jede Prise Salz, die sie verbrauchten, extra Steuern, also Geld, bezahlen sollten. März 1930 bracht Mahatma Gandhi von seinem Ashram Sabarmati bei Ahmadabad zum „Salzmarsch“ nach Dandi am Arabischen Meer auf. At midnight on 31 December 1929, the Indian National Congress raised the tricolour flag of India on the banks of the Ravi at Lahore. Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. [20] Salt was sold illegally all over the coast of India. Mahatma Gandhi was an empowering leader no only because he empowered all Indians on a salt march to corrupt the British economic system. The Congress Party planned to stage a satyagraha at the Dharasana Salt Works, 25 mi (40 km) south of Dandi. Der Salzmarsch oder die Salz-Satyagraha von 1930 war eine Kampagne Mahatma Gandhis, die das Salzmonopol der Briten brechen sollte und letztlich zur Unabhängigkeit Indiens von Großbritannien führte. Ee Grond méi fir den indesche Friddenskämpfer Mahatma Gandhi um 12. He is also called Bapu in India (Gujarati endearment for "father", "papa"). 2 Einführung Indien, ein Land großer Gegensätze Indien ist etwas neunmal so groß wie Deutschland und zeichnet sich durch eine ungeheure landschaftliche Vielfalt aus. Gandhi (2001), p. 6. [70] Gandhi had asked that only men take part in the salt march, but eventually women began manufacturing and selling salt throughout India. Weit mehr als 50 000 Menschen gehen wegen ihm in den Knast, für lange Zeit; er selbst verbringt ca. They commenced savagely kicking the seated men in the abdomen and testicles. Thousands of women, from large cities to small villages, became active participants in satyagraha. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Kampagne Mohandas Gandhis. 12 10 6. The satyagraha against the salt tax continued for almost a year, ending with Gandhi's release from jail and negotiations with Viceroy Lord Irwin at the Second Round Table Conference. [13] Gandhi's plan was to begin civil disobedience with a satyagraha aimed at the British salt tax. [4] Although over 60,000 Indians were jailed as a result of the Salt Satyagraha,[5] the British did not make immediate major concessions.[6]. Nonviolent protest left the British confused about whether or not to jail Gandhi. A government report on the involvement of women stated "thousands of them emerged ... from the seclusion of their homes ... in order to join Congress demonstrations and assist in picketing: and their presence on these occasions made the work the police was required to perform particularly unpleasant. Mahatma Gandhi menjadi tokoh terkemuka dalam perjuangan India melawan Inggris. From there, he urged women followers in Bombay (now spelled Mumbai) to picket liquor shops and foreign cloth. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Februar 2021 um 12:50 Uhr bearbeitet. The declaration included the readiness to withhold taxes, and the statement: We believe that it is the inalienable right of the Indian people, as of any other people, to have freedom and to enjoy the fruits of their toil and have the necessities of life, so that they may have full opportunities of growth. Gandhi forderte seine Landsleute auf, es ihm unter Verzicht von Gewalt gleichzutun, was in ganz Indien geschah: Nicht nur seine Anhänger begannen, ihr Salz selbst zu gewinnen, indem sie Salzwasser in einer Schüssel in die Sonne stellten und verdunsten ließen, sondern auch andere Inder beteiligten sich. Porbandar, Ahensiyang Kathiawar, Britanikong India. Mahatma ”stor ande” Gandhi föddes år 1869 i Indien.Familjen Gandhi var hinduer av medelklassen som tillhörde köpmankasten. [14] Violation of the Salt Act was a criminal offence. Download » Seven Months with Mahatma Gandhi - by Krishnadas, Abridged and Edited by Richard Gregg. "Just a grain of salt? On 12 March 1930, Gandhi and 78 satyagrahis, among whom were men belonging to almost every region, caste, creed, and religion of India,[44] set out on foot for the coastal village of Dandi, Gujarat, 385 km from their starting point at Sabarmati Ashram. Ob Gandhi nicht enttäuscht sei, diesen selben Rat Jesu einfach zu wiederholen, wollte der Schweizer von dem prominenten Inder wissen. In two or three minutes the ground was quilted with bodies. These measures did not appear to have any effect on the movement...", "Indian, British, and world opinion increasingly recognized the legitimate claims of Gandhi and Congress for Indian independence. I regard this tax to be the most iniquitous of all from the poor man's standpoint. Mahatma Gandhi Ind Med Gaz. Genom att arrestera Gandhi hoppades kolonialregeringen kunna isolera honom från sina anhängare och beröva honom det politiska inflytandet. In contrast to the other leaders, the prominent Congress statesman and future Governor-General of India, C. Rajagopalachari, understood Gandhi's viewpoint. On 2 March 1930 Gandhi wrote to the Viceroy, Lord Irwin, offering to stop the march if Irwin met eleven demands, including reduction of land revenue assessments, cutting military spending, imposing a tariff on foreign cloth, and abolishing the salt tax. Als er nach 24 Tagen dort ankam, hob er einige Körner Salz auf. Those struck down fell sprawling, unconscious or writhing in pain with fractured skulls or broken shoulders. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (gudžaratiksi મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી, IAST: mohandās karamcand gāndhī, 2. lokakuuta 1869 Porbandar, Intia – 30. tammikuuta 1948 New Delhi, Intia), tavallisesti kutsuttu nimellä Mahatma Gandhi oli Intian itsenäisyysliikkeen johtaja. According to The Statesman, the official government newspaper which usually played down the size of crowds at Gandhi's functions, 100,000 people crowded the road that separated Sabarmati from Ahmadabad. Non-Violence Peace. März 1930, startete Gandhi den Marsch, um sich gegen die "Salzsteuer" der Engländer zu wehren. Mahatma Gandhi was a very empowering and Visionary leader. The Salt Satyagraha campaign was based upon Gandhi's principles of non-violent protest called satyagraha, which he loosely translated as "truth-force".